Technical and artisanal knowledge
Shapes within the Branches
Wood carving in San Giorgio
Nearby the stable, in the farmyard of Case Venane, shepherd Luigi De Angelis spends part of his days sitting and carving wood. Branches of manna ash, cornelian cherry and olive, beneath the blade of his pocketknife, are transformed into dogs, horses, eagles and snakes, into small carved faces, votive objects and protective artefacts. Ordinary objects gradually become populated with carvings and decorations, accompanied by the rhythm of singing, while his house-museum continues to grow through the addition of new original creations.
“The shape is already inside the stick — you have to make the snout and then raise the horns to bring it out. The first one, the shepherd’s stick, I made in 2000; in the mornings, before my father arrived, I had to stay with the sheep, so every morning I made a face — I started by making one face at a time”.
Luigi De Angelis, 7 May 2026
For Luigi De Angelis, wood carving is a daily activity pursued alongside shepherding, with a steady commitment that over the decades has filled both the house-museum at Case Venane and his home in San Giorgio with hundreds of handmade objects. Walking sticks constitute his most recognisable production: he carves various kinds, for walking or for work, selecting branches of crognale (cornelian cherry), manna ash and olive for the shaft, but also oak, blackthorn and beech, and shaping the handle with great skill to create zoomorphic and anthropomorphic figures: snouts of dogs, donkeys and horses, goats and cows, pigs and hens, birds of prey, reptiles, bearded faces and heads of saints, which gradually emerge from the natural outlines of the wood. Alongside the sticks, Luigi produces small sculptures and minor objects, such as niches for carved statuettes, beech keyrings depicting faces, spoons and ladles for cooking polenta or curd-breakers used in cheesemaking, but also larger objects created or decorated from recovered and pre-existing tools, such as oak balancing poles formerly used in rural contexts for hanging and processing pork, decorated with serpent motifs, crosses and stylised flames. His textile and paper production — crocheted lace pieces, knitted wool garments, hats woven from recycled telephone directories and peanut packets, bottles decorated with crochet made from plastic bags — complements the wooden work in a repertoire that turns his home into a small popular Wunderkammer.
The method is rigorously manual: no electrical tools are used, only a pocketknife, a billhook for splitting, a hatchet for rough shaping, chisels and rasps, and occasionally small gouges. Luigi works seated, outdoors whenever the weather permits; he holds the piece in his hands or rests it on one knee and proceeds through small, precise movements. The most characteristic feature accompanying his carving practice — also highlighted by the anthropologist Emanuele Di Paolo — is singing, together with the visualisation of the form enclosed within the wood: his hands seem almost to move on their own, sustained by a voice intoning songs or pilgrim litanies, giving rhythm to the blows of the hatchet. One further ceremonial expression of this skill is the making of anti-hail crosses, which Luigi continues to produce every year in preparation for the feast of the Holy Cross on 3 May, according to a procedure learned from his father and grandfather, of which he remains one of the last active custodians.
Carving also constitutes Luigi’s principal means of presenting himself to audiences beyond the village. As carefully analysed by Di Paolo, his sticks — often decorated with inscriptions, religious and secular emblems, and imaginative compositions featuring saints, animals and scenes of pastoral life — are exhibited at the Artistic Crafts Exhibition of Guardiagrele and taken to the Shepherding Fair of Piano Roseto, where they are photographed, admired and partly sold. Taken as a whole, his art therefore combines a utilitarian dimension — according to which every stick is functional and every cross fulfils a ritual task — with a decorative and performative component that makes Luigi De Angelis recognised at the regional level as one of the few remaining representatives of a form of pastoral craftsmanship that has elsewhere disappeared entirely.
The method is rigorously manual: no electrical tools are used, only a pocketknife, a billhook for splitting, a hatchet for rough shaping, chisels and rasps, and occasionally small gouges. Luigi works seated, outdoors whenever the weather permits; he holds the piece in his hands or rests it on one knee and proceeds through small, precise movements. The most characteristic feature accompanying his carving practice — also highlighted by the anthropologist Emanuele Di Paolo — is singing, together with the visualisation of the form enclosed within the wood: his hands seem almost to move on their own, sustained by a voice intoning songs or pilgrim litanies, giving rhythm to the blows of the hatchet. One further ceremonial expression of this skill is the making of anti-hail crosses, which Luigi continues to produce every year in preparation for the feast of the Holy Cross on 3 May, according to a procedure learned from his father and grandfather, of which he remains one of the last active custodians.
Carving also constitutes Luigi’s principal means of presenting himself to audiences beyond the village. As carefully analysed by Di Paolo, his sticks — often decorated with inscriptions, religious and secular emblems, and imaginative compositions featuring saints, animals and scenes of pastoral life — are exhibited at the Artistic Crafts Exhibition of Guardiagrele and taken to the Shepherding Fair of Piano Roseto, where they are photographed, admired and partly sold. Taken as a whole, his art therefore combines a utilitarian dimension — according to which every stick is functional and every cross fulfils a ritual task — with a decorative and performative component that makes Luigi De Angelis recognised at the regional level as one of the few remaining representatives of a form of pastoral craftsmanship that has elsewhere disappeared entirely.
Sung carving of a walking stick
Luigi De Angelis, voice.
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 1 November 2015.
Recording by Emanuele Di Paolo,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive.
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 1 November 2015.
Recording by Emanuele Di Paolo,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive.
Listen to the track


Shapes within the Branches
The zoomorphic walking stick
Luigi De Angelis’s hand grips a walking stick with a handle carved in the shape of an animal snout, one of the most recurrent figurative motifs in his production. In the background are the tools of the Case Venane workshop.
Photo by Gianluca Pisciaroli,
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 29 November 2012,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive
Photo by Gianluca Pisciaroli,
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 29 November 2012,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive


Shapes within the Branches
The walking stick and the faces
Luigi De Angelis stands beside the workbench with two carved walking sticks — one in progress, with tapered sections, the other left rough before carving — together with two small cups in carved wood depicting faces.
Photo by Emanuele Di Paolo,
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 20 May 2019,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive.
Photo by Emanuele Di Paolo,
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 20 May 2019,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive.


Shapes within the Branches
Carving
Luigi De Angelis works with precision on a wooden object using a small gouge. On the nearby table, a series of chisels, files, rasps and carving knives can be seen, ready for use.
Photo by Emanuele Di Paolo,
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 23 October 2015,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive
Photo by Emanuele Di Paolo,
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 23 October 2015,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive


Shapes within the Branches
Hands at work
Close-up detail of Luigi De Angelis’s hands as he carves the handle of a semi-finished walking stick with a pocketknife, resting it on his knee. The blade marks the wood through a succession of small cuts.
Photo by Emanuele Di Paolo,
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 20 May 2019,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive.
Photo by Emanuele Di Paolo,
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 20 May 2019,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive.


Shapes within the Branches
Zoomorphic head
Luigi De Angelis carves a zoomorphic head with his pocketknife in front of the stable at Case Venane. In the background, the workbench with the tools laid out.
Photo by Emanuele Di Paolo,
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 1 November 2015,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive.
Photo by Emanuele Di Paolo,
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 1 November 2015,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive.
Watch the video
Carving a walking stick
Luigi De Angelis, during the first stage of carving a walking stick.
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 7 May 2026.
Footage by Emanuele Di Paolo,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive.
San Giorgio, Crognaleto (TE), 7 May 2026.
Footage by Emanuele Di Paolo,
Don Nicola Jobbi/Bambun Study Centre Archive.
Cultural transmission and protection
The practice of wood carving connected with the pastoral world, of which Luigi De Angelis is the only active practitioner in San Giorgio, constitutes a body of knowledge at risk of disappearance. It is an art partly assimilated within the domestic sphere — from his father and paternal grandfather, he inherited the making of the anti-hail crosses prepared for 3 May — and further refined independently, especially from the first decade of the 2000s onwards, but which has not, at present, found local heirs. Some forms of knowledge belonging to his grandfather, such as those related to the manufacture of flexible wooden collars for the bells of grazing livestock, are now recalled by Luigi in an attempt to reconstruct the same objects from memory, pursuing their forms through imitation and recollection, with results that he himself judges imprecise and inadequate.
More broadly, the depopulation of the hamlet and the loss of livestock heritage and the activities connected with it have consequently led to the impoverishment of the artisanal skills that once flourished within this agropastoral world. What remains survives in the memory of a few individuals and in the rooms of a kind of dispersed house-museum that Luigi himself has created between his own dwelling and the family house at Case Venane, filled with pastoral objects, sculptures and hand-carved wooden sticks, embroidery and other products of spontaneous and self-taught craftsmanship, produced mainly during autumn and winter and whose social and economic circulation is ensured through Luigi’s network of relationships and through his participation in the main shepherding and craft fairs, such as those of Piano Roseto and Guardiagrele.
The documentation of these elements forms part of a long-term ethnographic programme conducted by Gianfranco Spitilli and Emanuele Di Paolo within the framework of the European project Tramontana since 2012 and of scientific research connected with training and specialisation activities at Sapienza University of Rome. Their findings emphasise that pastoral forms of knowledge and the objects deriving from them — from the walking stick to sculpture, from the anti-hail cross to the wooden collar — constitute interconnected components of the biocultural heritage intended for safeguarding. Their possible protection necessarily depends upon recognising the density of embodied knowledge that, in this specific case, Luigi De Angelis continues to preserve and nurture, between conscious self-representation and the everyday practice of his workshop, rather than turning a few decontextualised artefacts into spectacle.
More broadly, the depopulation of the hamlet and the loss of livestock heritage and the activities connected with it have consequently led to the impoverishment of the artisanal skills that once flourished within this agropastoral world. What remains survives in the memory of a few individuals and in the rooms of a kind of dispersed house-museum that Luigi himself has created between his own dwelling and the family house at Case Venane, filled with pastoral objects, sculptures and hand-carved wooden sticks, embroidery and other products of spontaneous and self-taught craftsmanship, produced mainly during autumn and winter and whose social and economic circulation is ensured through Luigi’s network of relationships and through his participation in the main shepherding and craft fairs, such as those of Piano Roseto and Guardiagrele.
The documentation of these elements forms part of a long-term ethnographic programme conducted by Gianfranco Spitilli and Emanuele Di Paolo within the framework of the European project Tramontana since 2012 and of scientific research connected with training and specialisation activities at Sapienza University of Rome. Their findings emphasise that pastoral forms of knowledge and the objects deriving from them — from the walking stick to sculpture, from the anti-hail cross to the wooden collar — constitute interconnected components of the biocultural heritage intended for safeguarding. Their possible protection necessarily depends upon recognising the density of embodied knowledge that, in this specific case, Luigi De Angelis continues to preserve and nurture, between conscious self-representation and the everyday practice of his workshop, rather than turning a few decontextualised artefacts into spectacle.







